MAL WALDRON

Malcolm Earl Waldron was born in New York City on Aug. 16, 1926, Waldron received a Bachelor's degree in music and composition for ballet en route to a series of sideman gigs. Early work opportunities included time with Ike Quebec, Della Reese, Big Nick Nicholas and a number of r&b bands. Two of Waldron's best early high-profile gigs in jazz came working for Charles Mingus from 1954-'56 (he would work with the bassist again), and later with Billie Holiday from 1957-'59. In addition, Waldron was known for recording dates where he supplied all the written material to be recorded. Starting in 1960, he became a leader of his own bands, and was John Coltrane's pianist briefly after the saxophonist departed Miles Davis' band. Waldron's writing credits also include work for film scores and stage background music. Some of his work took him to Europe, where in 1965 he did some writing for film and decided to move there. He has continued to record and tour internationally.

Mal was a prolific composer in several genres as well as a pianist. His most celebrated jazz tune is the strong but wistful Soul Eyes, written in 1957. It became established in the jazz repertoire as a modern "standard", but he also composed scores for ballet and a number of films, beginning with The Cool World in 1965.

He began to learn piano at the age of eight, and his initial musical training came as a classical pianist. He played alto saxophone in the school band as well, but was intimidated by the example of Charlie Parker, and eventually set aside the alto and turned to piano in a jazz context as well.

He was called up by the US Army in 1943, and served in New York, where he trained cavalry horses and soaked up the city’s jazz scene. He was demobilised with the end of the war in 1946, and studied piano and composition at Queens College in New York, graduating with a BA in Composition.

He made his professional debut as a jazz pianist with saxophonist Ike Quebec in 1950. He linked up with Charles Mingus’s progressive Jazz Workshop in 1954, and remained with the bassist for two years, appearing on the classic Pithecanthropus Erectus album in 1956. He formed his own band later that year, and recorded copiously for Bob Weinstock’s Prestige label, both as a leader and as the effective "house" pianist on many of the label’s sessions.

The musicians he worked with in this period included Jackie MacLean, John Coltrane, Gene Ammons, Herbie Mann and Steve Lacy (the latter association would be taken up again when both became expatriates). His elegant and thoroughly attuned accompaniments for Billie Holiday in her last years led to further work with singer Abbey Lincoln and her then husband, drummer and bandleader Max Roach, who used Waldron in his own group for a time.

He formed a band with trumpeter Booker Little and saxophonist Eric Dolphy, and made important recordings with both musicians before their tragically early deaths in 1961 and 1964 respectively.

His refined technique and creative musical imagination kept him in constant demand as a session musician in addition to his work as a leader. The combination of drug problems and overwork eventually led to a nervous breakdown in 1963 (he claimed later that he had had to relearn his style from his old records). The pressures precipitated his move from the hot house of New York’s jazz scene to Paris in 1965, the first of his European homes.

He scored his first film, The Cool World, that year, and went on to compose music for several more films, including Marcel Carné's Trois Chambres à Manhattan (Three Rooms in Manhattan, 1965), Herbert Danska's Sweet Love, Bitter (1967) and Haruki Kadokawa's Tokyo Blues (1986). He appeared in Mal Waldron and Friends: Live at the Village Vanguard (1986) and Tom Overberghe’s documentary Mal (1997).

His recordings include Moods (includes longtime collaborator Steve Lacy, enja, 1978); The Quest (OJC, 1961). As a sideman: At The Five Spot Vol. 1 (with Eric Dolphy, Booker Little, OJC, 1961).


He adapted readily to life in Europe, and often linked up with various other members of the American jazz community in exile, including Ben Webster, Steve Lacy, Kenny Clarke and Archie Shepp. He worked with many European musicians, including a fruitful musical relationship with the English baritone saxophonist George Haslam, who both performed with the pianist and recorded his work for his own Slam label.

He was a frequent return visitor to the USA from the mid-Seventies, both to perform at club and concert dates and to record. He resisted any temptation to return to his homeland on a permanent basis, however, and settled in Brussels in the early Nineties.

He was popular in Japan, and was commissioned to compose and perform a piece commemorating the 50th anniversary of the bombing of Hiroshima in 1995, in a concert which also celebrated his 70th birthday.

After some years of indifferent health, though continuing to perform, Waldron crossed over on December 2, 2002 in Brussels, Belgium.